The october outbreak of hostilities was followed by two eventsthe first was political and, as it. Despite early military gains by arab forces, israel achieved military victory. The yom kippur war of october 1973 had a fundamental influ. At the time of yom kippur, israel was led by golda meir and egypt by anwar sadat. The first oil crisis was triggered by the yomkippur war, the second by the revolution in iran and the war with neighboring iraq, and the third oil price peak examined was triggered by the annexation of kuwait and the gulf war. Us pilots from vital yom kippur war mission reunite with israeli brothers in arms 10 american airman who volunteered to deliver fighter jets to the idf return to the country they helped.
In the six day war of 1967, israel was attacked by jordan, egypt and syria with support from seven other. The military forces of egypt, israel, jordan, and syria are yours to commandcan you lead them. For on yorn kippur nearly every israeli fighting man. The impact of the yom kippiir war that erupted on october 6th, 1973, far outweighed its relatively short duration of twenty days of heavy fighting. Yom kippur war 1973 golan heights front documentary duration. The war began on the jewish day of repentance of yom kippur in 1973, and it happened during the muslim month of ramadan. Yom kippur war, also called the october war, the ramadan war, or the fourth arabisraeli war, damaging inconclusive war and the fourth of the arabisraeli wars. Oct 28th, 1973 israeli and egyptian military leaders meet to implement the ceasefire at kilometer 101 marker in the sinai. The yom kippur war the ramadan war the october war the fourth arabisraeli war it was fought from. Pdf historiography of the yom kippur war researchgate. The yorn kippur war of 1973 national security agency. On october 6, 1973, egypt and syria launched a surprise attack against israel on the jewish holiday of yom kippur. Put an end to israeli aggression, an article printed in the pravda newspaper on october 12, 1973 translation at cnn a detailed account of 1973 october war yom kippur war from ariel sharons biography.
The yom kippur war, ramadan war, or october war also known as the 1973 arabisraeli war. Israel has lost roughly 2,500 soldiers, syria 3,500. Tens of thousands of egyptian troops crossed the suez canal with amphibious vehicles and bridging equipment. Backed by arms from the soviet union, egypt and syria made significant territorial gains in sinai and the golan heights. Yom kippur no peace, no war, october 1973 yom kippur.
The 1973 yom kippur war the final war in the series of israeliarab wars, illuminates the cold war hyperpolitical tensions between the united states and the soviet union, where the middle. The israel slide of things part i before the yom kippur war, israel still had control of the suez canal and other lands. The carefully coordinated attack achieved complete tactical surprise. These envisaged a strip of territory in which no troops would be allowed, backed by another strip, where the presence of troops was carefully restricted. Mar 20, 2017 in the independence war of 1948, israel was attacked by jordan and five other countries and on all fronts and won a resounding victory. U cryptologic almanac anniversary series u the yorn. David burrington, richard valeriani, john cochran, correspondent. The yom kippur war of 1973, the most recent full war in middle east history, is socalled because it began on the day of atonement yom kippur, the holiest day of prayer and fasting in the jewish calendar. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. The large number of human losses 8,500 egyptian and syrian soldiers killed, almost 20,000 wounded made finding a peace agreement all the more sought after. Nice break down on unit tank and vehicle types israeli army oob, yom kippur war, october 1973 northern command, general hofi 36th mechanised ugda, general eitan. Lev completely captures all the fluidity of this, the yom kippur war.
Egyptian casualties are not really known yom kippur war. Us pilots from vital yom kippur war mission reunite with. Miedzy wojna szesciodniowa, a wojna yom kippur polskie statki bierut i djakarta uwiezione w latach. The sand embankments of the israeli barlev line were breached and an israeli counterattack thrown back with heavy losses. Egypt lost almost the exact same number of troops as israel, and it is logical and normal for the attacker to loose more than the defend. President nixon and the role of intelligence in the 1973 arabisraeli war this collection highlights the causes and consequences of us intelligence communitys ic failure to foresee the october 1973 arabisraeli war, also known as the october war or the yom kippur war.
The egyptiansyrian attack that started in the midst of the jewish peoples holiest day of the year. Now you can refight the battles that determined the fate of nations. Yom kippur war simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The game included a map, 200 counters representing israeli and arab forces, and a 12page rulebook. Boyne chronicles with intense detail the brief but furious october 1973 invasion of israel by egypt and syria, an episode also known as the yom kippur war. Jews throughout the world were observing this sacred day of religious commitment. Combined arms warfare in the idf before the yom kippur war. Ten minutes later shells began to rain down on israeli positions all along the golan heights the yom kippur war had begun.
In 1973, israel found itself fighting its fifth major war against its arab neighbors since achieving independence 25 years previously. War maps of the sinai top and golan height left in israel and the united states, the war is typically referred to as the yom kippur war. The yom kippur war is also known as the october war. This study is the first of this kind on this incident and represents the. Ospreys second title in the study of the yom kippur war 1973.
The 1973 yom kippur war lends itself to analysis as. The yom kippur war also known as the ramadan war and the october war was a war between israel and a group of arab countries led by egypt and syria. Oct 28th, 1973israeli and egyptian military leaders meet to implement the ceasefire at kilometer 101 marker in the sinai. The arabs, stunned by a preemptive israeli attack, were humiliated in the ensuing battle. In the independence war of 1948, israel was attacked by jordan and five other countries and on all fronts and won a resounding victory. The yom kippur war, also known as the october war or the ramadan.
Npmp, national security council files hereinafter nscf, box 1173, 1973 war middle east 6 oct. Victories that strike like lightning, if you can win themlike the victories of israeli arms in 1956 and 1967. The 1973 yom kippur war the final war in the series of israeliarab wars, illuminates the cold war hyperpolitical tensions between the. Israels victory in the 1967 six day war sowed the seeds of the 1973 yom kippur war. In october of 1973, egypt and syria launch a sneak attack on israel during the jewish holiday of yom kippur. War, was launched at 2 oclock on the afternoon 6 october 1973, when. Sadat wants a war with israel to reclaim lost territory. The yom kippur war is the most traumatic event in israels short, modern history.
No peace, no war, october 1973 by peter baxterenglish august 8th, 2017 isbn. The yom kippur war accommodated indirect confrontation between the us and the soviet union. The israeli military were caught off guard and unprepared, and took about three days to fully mobilize. The yom kippur war as a case study small wars journal. At 45hrs on 6 october 1973, israeli spotters in the observation post atop mount hermon saw syrian gunners below them removing the camouflage nets from their guns. Trove of rare, nostalgic yom kippur war photos to be made available to the public. Tens of thousands of egyptian troops crossed the suez.
It was the first military meeting between the two countries in 25 years. The war was initiated by egypt and syria on october 6, 1973, on the jewish holy day of yom kippur and during ramadan, the month of fasting in islam, and it continued until october 26. When the fourth arabisraeli war began on october 6, 1973, many of israels soldiers were away from their posts observing yom kippur or day of atonement, and the. The yom kippur war elizabeth stephens examines how thirtyfive years ago this month the surprise invasion of israel by egypt and its allies started the process that led to camp david. This game is a tactical simulation of combat in the middle east during the 1973 yom kippur war.
Websites library of us diplomacy features records of 1973 us ambassador to israel, shedding light on yom kippur war, developments in region wikileaks reveals 1973 war files. Why did jordan not open a third front in the yom kippur war. The yom kippur war came as a surprise to the egyptians as well, documents show. This conflict, the fourth arabisraeli war in 25 years, began with a coordinated attack by syria and egypt in an effort to reclaim lands lost to israel during the 1967 sixday war. Anwar alsadats grand strategy in the yom kippur war pdf. Egypt got and kept control over the suez canal and ismailia city. October 1973 on the development of the united states air force. This was a war in which both sides designed their military strategies within the. The ippa archive, which is being transferred to the national library, contains a million photos.
What resulted was the most intense armored and mechanized combat since world war ii. These led to pressure on supply, market mechanisms, and to a certain extent. Yet there has never been a serious, indepth study of this incident that has had access not only to key participants both american and israeli and open sources, but also to the tremendous store of u. Its yom kippur war collection includes photos of both top brass and regular soldiers from both fronts of the war. Israel a coalition of arab states led by egypt and syria. Egypt and syria launched a surprise attack on israel in 1973. In the muslim world, it is referred to it as the ramadan war. Feb 03, 2015 egypt and syria launched a surprise attack on israel in 1973. It also pointed out the lack of a reporting vehicle. The yom kippur war, ramadan war, or october war hebrew. These include the impact of israels sinking of the uss liberty during the 1967 conflict.
The october war began on the jewish holiday of yom kippur, in the islamic month of ramadan hence the names yom kippur war or ramadan war. The yom kippur war on october 6th, 1973, syria and egypt staged a surprise attack on israel on yom kippur, the holiest day of the jewish calendar. At 1400hrs on 6 october 1973 the egyptian army launched an assault crossing of the suez canal. President nixon and the role of intelligence in the 1973 arab. The israel defense forces idf emerged from the 1973 yom kippur war as the. Maps of the 1973 arabisraeli war wikimedia commons. According to declassified documents from the agranat commission, brigadier general yisrael lior, prime minister golda meirs military secretaryattache. Cia documents reveal immediate leadup to yom kippur war. The yom kippur war was followed by a series of separationofforces agreements with egypt and syria. Battles that were mammoth struggles for crossroads and passes and battles that were pinprick raids. Eight scenarios and two campaign games which link multiple scenarios are included for play. The 1973 yom kippur war lends itself to analysis as an ebo because it highlights the threat of nuclear war.
On october 6, 1973 the combined forces of syria and egypt launched a major attack to regain their lands lost to israel in 1967. The first part of the paper begins with the 1967 six day war and traces the development of the in into the twentyfirst century. The shock syrian attack caught the israelis by surprise and by the afternoon of 7 october a syrian brigade. Throughout this narrative, key topics in usnin relations are explored. Government documents pertaining to the yom kippur war. Known variously as the october war or the yom kippur war, this conflict lasted until late. Egyptian casualties are not really known yom kippur war key battles.
Israel was close to defeat but eventually the idf could prevail and secure the survival of the jewish state in the middle east. This acclaimed book by peter baxter is available at in several formats for your ereader. The wars beginning was decided upon many months and weeks before it began and the date was a closelykept secret that foreign intelligence failed to crack. If you wish to start a new discussion or revive an old one, please do so on the. The military budget increased to 20% of the nations gdp in 1973.
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